The pH test looks at how much acid or alkali is human urine. According to the American Association of Clinical Chemistry, the average urine pH value is 6.0 but may range from 4.5 to 8.0. Urine below 5.0 is acidic, and urine more than 8.0 – alkaline or basic.

It may occur due to glaucoma (in which fluid in eye builds up and creates pressure on the nerves causing damage. Another reason can be a genetic disease called retinitis pigmentosa that causes damage to the retina.

Surgical mask sare worn by doctors and dentists to help protect other people and the environment from the mask-wearer by trapping respiratory droplets. In case of COVID 19 the purpose of such masks, according to CDC, is to be used from those who are already ill to avoid spreading the virus around. Surgical masks are not the same as N95 respirators. N95 respirators are special tightly fitting masks that filter out viruses and bacteria. Health workers use N95 respirators at risk of inhaling infectious and other harmful particles, need to be professionally fitted and are not recommended by the CDC for members of the public.

Cells throughout their life cycle start to lose connections with other cells, and then our immune system works out to kill those cells. This is known as “apoptosis” from a Greek word meaning “falling off,” as leaves from a tree.

Of all your fingers, you might think your pinky is the most useless. But your little finger is particularly important in a firm grip, and hand surgeons agree if you’re going to lose one, the index finger is the best one to lose as by losing your little finger, your grip strength is reduced by 50%.

This results in less supply of RBC (which carry oxygen) and our blood appears blue. It is more apparent in nails due to their transparency.

The human skeleton is the bony structure of the body. It is made up of about 270 bones at birth – a total decrease to 206 bones in adulthood after some bones merge. The bone mass in the skeleton reaches a maximum density of about 21 years.

Compared to mineral water and to whatever surface it comes in contact, distilled water tries to pull minerals to maintain a balance.

During the plague epidemic in the 14th century, ships arriving in Venice from infected ports were instructed to sit at anchor for 40 days before landing. This practice, called quarantine, was derived from the Italian words Quaranta Giorni which mean 40 days. Quarantine is the separation of a person or a group of people who although do not have symptoms of illness may have been exposed to a transmissible disease, from other people to prevent the spread of disease. The concept of quarantine is introduced by Avicenna (the European name for Abu ‘Ali al-Husayn ibn Sina) a significant Persian polymath who helped to elucidate the contagious nature of infectious diseases.

Female mosquitos need the iron from our blood to hatch their eggs. Itching after a mosquito bite happens because their saliva contains an anticoagulant to which our immune system reacts. This anticoagulant prevents your blood from clotting at the site of the puncture.